Correction Factors

Correction factors account for production techniques that reduce or increase nitrogen excretion per animal or ammonia emissions.

Dairy cattle: Milk production levels, hay consumption, silage, potato and fodder beet consumption, and concentrate amounts.

Swine: Crude protein content in feed and phase feeding practices.

Housing systems: Measures reducing soiled surface areas and promoting rapid manure/urine separation.

Manure storage: Slurry pit covers and stirring frequency.

Manure application: Ammonia-reducing spreading methods, seasonal and weather timing, time of day, and post-application solid manure incorporation.

The correction factors used in the model are listed under Technical Model Description.